Skip to main content. How long does a cow's pregnancy last? How long after a cow gives birth can she get pregnant again? I have some forage that is a summer annual and I tested it for nitrates.
Do you have any suggestions for feeding this forage? What info is available on pine needles abortions in bred cows? Can pregnant cows be vaccinated for BVD or can the vaccine be given only prior to breeding? Looking for information on the first cycle after a cow has calf. Want to move the calving earlier in the year. Best ways to accomplish?
We just preg checked the cows in our herd and we felt we had too many open cows. Is there any way to prevent so many open cows? What are the advantages of target breeding weight on beef industry? We hear stories of poor conception rates when feeding cows WDS.
Is this fact or fiction? It depends on a number of things: body condition at calving, age of dam, if there was any calving difficulty during the calving process, and if diet is adequate after calving during lactation so that weight and body condition losses do not occur or are minimal. First-calf cows have a longer post-partum interval than do mature cows. Cows that have calving difficulty have longer post-partum intervals.
And, cows that lose weight and body condition after calving have longer post-partum intervals. It tested on the high side of acceptable level of nitrates to be fed to pregnant beef cows. Answer from Can pregnant cows be vaccinated for BVD or can the vaccine be given only prior to breeding? They are given salt and a good mineral all the time. All bulls are checked before being used. Here's a check list for you to help evaluate the reproductive performance of the herd.
Separate non-pregnant cows by age. Are the majority of the opens in young cows, females trying to become pregnant for the second calf. If this is the case, then more often than not, it is due the nutrition program. Calf first-calf-females in a body condition score of 6 on 1 to 9 scale. A lot of the diets that I see for these females after calving is often deficient in energy. Grass hay and alfalfa don't not have enough energy, so you will need to added some corn, distillers, gluten, silage, etc to the diet.
If there are a lot of "running" age cows 4 through 12 year olds , then this is a concern because if you have paid close attention to the genetic make-up of you herd, these cows should be of the weight and milk output that fit the resources on you operation. If the majority of the opens are old cows Bull to cow ratio. For young bulls, to ; older bulls to Did you have any breeding pastures that had only one bull for the entire breeding season? Maybe the bull was good early and got hurt or sick later in the breeding season.
Did you run 2 yearling bulls in one breeding pasture? Next you see the legs of the calf come out, either the two forelegs or the two hind legs. Sometimes it is necessary to pull downward a little on the calf's legs, to help the birth. After the calf has come out, if the umbilical cord still joins the calf to the cow, cut it and clean it well.
You can use a little iodized alcohol. After the birth, the rest of the membranes come out. All the membranes must come out. Otherwise they may rot inside the cow and cause her to die.
At birth the calf may come out in two ways When the calf is born, the cow rubs it with her tongue. She licks it. Let the cow lick her calf.
At this time the cow is often thirsty. Give her water to drink. During the first few days after the birth, the mother's milk is thick and yellow. The calf must drink this milk which will clean its digestive tract.
Take great care of calves. They are delicate. They easily catch parasites. To protect them, give them a medicine to get rid of internal worms at the age of 3 weeks and of 10 weeks. They easily catch diseases.
To protect them, have them vaccinated. At 3 weeks, the calf begins to eat grass with a little cooked cassava. Look after young calves well. Feed them well, give them good housing. If you do not, they may die and you will lose a lot of money.
Age of breeding animals Heifers The ovaries begin to produce ova see page 42 when a heifer is 9 or 10 months old. From that time, heifers can be fertilized.
But do not have a heifer served by a bull when she is too young. The heifer cannot go on growing herself and feed the calf she is carrying. In fact you may have accidents when the calf is born, at calving. So wait until the heifer is big and strong enough, until she is about 2 years 24 months old, before having her served. The bull The testicles of young bulls begin to produce semen when the bulls are about 8 months old.
But do not have cows served by too young a bull. The bull will get tired, will not grow well, will not eat well and will become a poor breeding animal. Do not have the bull serve cows before it is 18 months old.
Young, growing females that are also being called on to cycle regularly must also have a nutritional status that gives them the opportunity to be fertile as well. The best method of evaluating this issue is a Body Condition score.
A fact sheet can be found online that gives excellent illustrations of body condition scoring. The only result in a breeding program that makes a difference is how many calves we get to sell. The reproductive rate in a herd by definition is the number of calves we get to sell compared to the number of cows we exposed to a bull to produce those calves.
The summary of standardized performance analysis data from Iowa State University for is shown in Table 2. For example, the average pregnancy rate during the breeding season was More importantly, the percentage of calves they got to sell the weaning percentage was The average pounds that were sold for each cow exposed at breeding were lbs. These results show profitability in the cow-calf enterprise depends, not on pounds weaned, but the number of calves weaned from a breeding program. Small improvements, however, are possible for many of these issues on the farm, and these changes can add dollars to the enterprise.
Let's Stay Connected. By entering your email, you consent to receive communications from Penn State Extension. View our privacy policy. Thank you for your submission! Home Reproduction by the Numbers. Reproduction by the Numbers. This article will highlight some of the "numbers" to be considered to be both reproductively efficient and profitable.
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